git 简介

BASIC GIT WORKFLOW

• Git is the industry-standard version control system for web developers
• Use Git commands to help keep track of changes made to a project:
• git init creates a new Git repository
• git status inspects the contents of the working directory and staging area
• git add adds files from the working directory to the staging area
• git diff shows the difference between the working directory and the staging area
• git commit permanently stores file changes from the staging area in the repository
• git log shows a list of all previous commits

HOW TO BACKTRACK

• git checkout HEAD filename: Discards changes in the working directory.
• git reset HEAD filename: Unstages file changes in the staging area.
• git reset commit_SHA: Resets to a previous commit in your commit history.

Additionally, you learned a way to add multiple files to the staging area with a single command:

git add filename_1 filename_2

GIT BRANCHING

• git branch: Lists all a Git project’s branches.
• git branch branch_name: Creates a new branch.
• git checkout branch_name: Used to switch from one branch to another.
• git merge branch_name: Used to join file changes from one branch to another.
• git branch -d branch_name: Deletes the branch specified.

GIT TEAMWORK

• git clone: Creates a local copy of a remote.
• git remote -v: Lists a Git project’s remotes.
• git fetch: Fetches work from the remote into the local copy.
• git merge origin/master: Merges origin/master into your local branch.
• git push origin : Pushes a local branch to the origin remote.

Git projects are usually managed on Github, a website that hosts Git projects for millions of users. With Github you can access your projects from anywhere in the world by using the basic workflow you learned here.
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