1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167
|
#include <algorithm> #include <cstring> #include <cstdio>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 100010; const int mod = 998244353; const int g = 3;
int wa[8*maxn], wb[8*maxn], wc[8*maxn], rev[8*maxn];
int (int x, int y) { int ret = 1; while (y) { if (y & 1) ret = 1LL*ret*x%mod; x = 1LL*x*x%mod; y >>= 1; } return ret; }
struct poly { int *a, len; poly(int l_ = 0) { len = l_; a = new int[l_]; for (int i = 0; i < l_; i++) a[i] = 0; } };
void ntt(int *a, int l, int ty) { rev[0] = 0; for (int i = 1; i < (1<<l); i++) rev[i] = ((rev[i >> 1] >> 1) | ((i&1) << (l-1))); for (int i = 0; i < (1<<l); i++) if (rev[i] > i) swap(a[i], a[rev[i]]); for (int len = 2; len <= (1<<l); len <<= 1) { int wn = qpow(g, (mod-1)/len); for (int i = 0; i < (1<<l); i += len) { int w = 1; for (int j = 0; j < (len>>1); j++) { int v1 = a[i+j], v2 = 1LL*w*a[i+j+(len>>1)]%mod; a[i+j] = (v1 + v2) % mod; a[i+j+(len >> 1)] = (v1 + mod - v2) % mod; w = 1LL*w*wn%mod; } } } if (ty == -1) { int inv = qpow(1<<l, mod-2); for (int i = 0; i < (1<<l); i++) a[i] = 1LL*a[i]*inv%mod; for (int i = 1; i < (1<<(l-1)); i++) swap(a[i], a[(1<<l)-i]); } }
poly operator*(const poly &p1, const poly &p2) { poly ret(p1.len + p2.len - 1); int l = 0; while ((1<<l) < ret.len) ++ l; for (int i = 0; i < (1<<l); i++) wa[i] = wb[i] = 0; for (int i = 0; i < p1.len; i++) wa[i] = p1.a[i]; for (int i = 0; i < p2.len; i++) wb[i] = p2.a[i]; ntt(wa, l, 1); ntt(wb, l, 1); for (int i = 0; i < (1<<l); i++) wc[i] = 1LL*wa[i]*wb[i]%mod; ntt(wc, l, -1); for (int i = 0; i < ret.len; i++) ret.a[i] = wc[i]; return ret; }
poly polyInv(const poly &p) { if (p.len == 1) { poly ret(1); ret.a[0] = qpow(p.a[0], mod-2); return ret; } int nlen = (p.len+1)/2; poly tmp(nlen); for (int i = 0; i < nlen; i++) tmp.a[i] = p.a[i]; poly G = polyInv(tmp); poly ret(p.len); for (int i = 0; i < G.len; i++) ret.a[i] = 1LL*2*G.a[i]%mod; poly t = p*G*G; for (int i = 0; i < p.len; i++) ret.a[i] = (ret.a[i] + mod - t.a[i]) % mod; return ret; }
poly polyLn(const poly &p) { if (p.len == 1) return poly(1); poly inv = polyInv(p); poly d(p.len); for (int i = 0; i+1 < p.len; i++) { d.a[i] = 1LL*p.a[i+1]*(i+1)%mod; } inv = inv * d; poly ret(p.len); for (int i = 1; i < ret.len; i++) { ret.a[i] = 1LL*qpow(i, mod-2)*inv.a[i-1]%mod; } return ret; }
poly polyExp(const poly &p) { if (p.len == 1) { poly ret(1); ret.a[0] = 1; return ret; } int nlen = (p.len+1)/2; poly tmp(nlen); for (int i = 0; i < nlen; i++) tmp.a[i] = p.a[i]; poly G = polyExp(tmp); poly t(p.len), v(p.len); for (int i = 0; i < nlen; i++) v.a[i] = G.a[i]; v = polyLn(v); for (int i = 0; i < p.len; i++) { t.a[i] = (mod - v.a[i] + p.a[i]) % mod; } t.a[0] = (t.a[0] + 1) % mod; t = t*G; poly ret(p.len); for (int i = 0; i < ret.len; i++) ret.a[i] = t.a[i]; return ret; }
void polyDiv(const poly &F, const poly &Q, poly &P, poly &R) { poly rF(F.len-Q.len+1), rQ(F.len-Q.len+1); for (int i = 0; i < rF.len; i++) rF.a[i] = F.a[F.len-1-i]; for (int i = 0; i < rQ.len; i++) if (Q.len-1-i >= 0) rQ.a[i] = Q.a[Q.len-1-i]; poly v = rF*polyInv(rQ); for (int i = 0; i < P.len; i++) P.a[i] = v.a[F.len-Q.len-i]; poly t = P*Q; for (int i = 0; i < R.len; i++) R.a[i] = (F.a[i] + mod - t.a[i]) % mod; }
poly polySqrt(const poly &p) { if (p.len == 1) { poly ret(1); ret.a[0] = 1; return ret; } int nlen = (p.len+1)/2; poly np(nlen); for (int i = 0; i < nlen; i++) np.a[i] = p.a[i]; poly F0 = polySqrt(np); poly exF0(p.len); for (int i = 0; i < F0.len; i++) exF0.a[i] = F0.a[i]; poly tmp = F0*F0; poly extmp(p.len); for (int i = 0; i < p.len; i++) { if (i < tmp.len) extmp.a[i] = tmp.a[i]; extmp.a[i] = (extmp.a[i] + mod - p.a[i]) % mod; } poly Q(p.len); for (int i = 0; i < p.len; i++) Q.a[i] = 1LL*exF0.a[i]*2%mod; poly tt = extmp*polyInv(Q); poly res(p.len); for (int i = 0; i < res.len; i++) { res.a[i] = (exF0.a[i] + mod - tt.a[i]) % mod; } return res; }
int main() { int n; scanf("%d", &n); poly P(n); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) scanf("%d", &P.a[i]); poly res = polySqrt(P); for (int i = 0; i < res.len; i++) printf("%d ", res.a[i]); printf("n"); return 0; }
|
近期评论