[leetcode] problem 236 – lowest common ancestor of a binary tree

Given a binary tree, find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two given nodes in the tree.

According to the definition of LCA on Wikipedia: “The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes p and q as the lowest node in T that has both p and q as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself).”

Given the following binary tree: root = [3,5,1,6,2,0,8,null,null,7,4]

EJyVnP.png

Example

No.1

Input: root = [3,5,1,6,2,0,8,null,null,7,4], p = 5, q = 1

Output: 3

Explanation: The LCA of nodes 5 and 1 is 3.

No.2

Input: root = [3,5,1,6,2,0,8,null,null,7,4], p = 5, q = 4

Output: 5

Explanation: The LCA of nodes 5 and 4 is 5, since a node can be a descendant of itself according to the LCA definition.

Note

  • All of the nodes’ values will be unique.
  • p and q are different and both values will exist in the binary tree.

Code

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public class  {
int val;
TreeNode left;
TreeNode right;
TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
}
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public TreeNode lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode root, TreeNode p, TreeNode q) {
if (root == null || p.val == root.val || q.val == root.val)
return root;

TreeNode left = lowestCommonAncestor(root.left, p, q);
TreeNode right = lowestCommonAncestor(root.right, p, q);

if (left != null && right != null)
return root;

return left == null ? right : left;
}