ubuntuserverlts18.04的设置和操作

介绍

这是我参与新手入门的第3篇文章，这里主要讲述在ubuntu server lts 18.04的命令操作初始化和安装Linux版的TeamViewer，注释里也描述每一步操作

一、设置ssh

vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
PermitRootLogin yes
AllowUsers root

sudo passwd root  // 修改root密码
systemctl restart ssh
systemctl restart sshd
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二、检查网络配置

# 查看网络和正在RUNNING的网卡
ifconfig -a
# 可以检查网卡
lshw  -C network

# ubuntu server LTS 18.04的网络管理跟以前版本不一样得改这里
sudo vim /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml

network:
    ethernets:
        eno1:
            dhcp4: true
        eno2:
            dhcp4: true
        eno3:
            dhcp4: no
            addresses: [192.168.3.151/24]
            optional: true
            gateway4: 192.168.3.1
            nameservers:
                    addresses: [192.168.3.1]
        eno4:
            dhcp4: true
    version: 2
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• dhcp4默认是true，由于是静态ip，所以改为false
• addresses是ip，/后数字是子网掩码，子网掩码的计算可以百度任意ip地址计算器就可以计算。
• gateway4是网关
• nameservers是DNS

三、使网络配置生效后, 检查静态ip

sudo netplan apply
sudo ifconfig -a
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四、系统软件更新

4.1 备份源配置

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
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4.2 注释掉原来的源，换阿里源

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty main restricted
 
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates main restricted
 
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates universe
 
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates multiverse
 
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse
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4.3 更新操作

# 删除包缓存中的所有包
sudo apt-get clean

# 更新软件源
sudo apt-get update

# 更新软件
sudo apt-get upgrade
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五、硬件查看

5.1 英伟达显卡安装

# 安装drivers-common
sudo apt install ubuntu-drivers-common

# 查看可安装驱动：
ubuntu-drivers devices

# 安装驱动
sudo apt-get install nvidia-driver-450  # 手动安装
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall         # 自动安装

# 检查安装是否可用
nvidia-smi

# 查看是否有显卡
lspci |grep VGA

# 直接安装注意版本
sudo apt-get install -y nvidia-driver-440-server
sudo apt-get --purge remove nvidia*      #移除
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5.2 查看cpu,数量，线程，核数

# 查看cpu
sudo lscpu
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5.3 查看内存信息

# 内存支持类型
sudo dmidecode -t memory |grep -A16 "Memory Device$" |grep "Type:"

# 每个内存频率
sudo dmidecode -t memory |grep -A16 "Memory Device$" |grep "Speed:"

# 每个内存大小
sudo dmidecode -t memory |grep -A16 "Memory Device$" |grep "Size:"
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5.4 查看硬盘信息

lsblk
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七、其他操作

7.1 进程方面的操作

# 查看ndoe程序进程
ps -ef |grep node

# 占用端口
lsof -i:端口
netstat -tunlp|grep 端口

# 杀掉
kill -9 pid

# 直接全杀
killall -9 lotus
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七、安装Linux版的TeamViewer, 每一步写了注释

# 查看Linux服务器是32位还是64位的
getconf LONG_BIT    

# 1.创建teamviewer文件夹
mkdir ~/downloads/
cd ~/downloads/  


# 2.下载32位的安装包或64位安装包
# 查看安装包官网 https://www.teamviewer.cn/cn/download/linux/
wget https://download.teamviewer.com/download/linux/teamviewer_i386.deb
wget https://dl.teamviewer.com/download/linux/version_15x/teamviewer_15.1.3937_amd64.deb


# 3.安装teamviewer
sudo dpkg -i teamviewer_15.1.3937_amd64.deb

# 3.1安装出错,解决安装依赖关系
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -f

# 3.2再次安装
sudo dpkg -i teamviewer_15.1.3937_amd64.deb


# 4.启动
cd /opt/teamviewer/tv_bin
sudo teamviewer --daemon start   # 启动teamviewer
teamviewer --passwd 123456       # 设置密码123456
teamviewer --info                # 查看teamviewer信息(里面有ID)


# 5.远程连接
在自己的电脑启动teamviewer，输入服务器的ID和密码


# 其他命令
teamviewer --setup console     # 设置启动方式为控制台启动
teamviewer --daemon start      # 启动teamview服务
teamviewer --daemon stop       # 停止teamview服务
teamviewer --daemon restart    # 重启teamview服务
teamviewer --info              # 查看teamview信息
teamviewer --passwd 123456     # 设置密码123456
teamviewer --help              # 查看帮助

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